Arunachal Pradesh having wide variations in geological structure, aquatic habitats are also distributed in variable climates in accordance with the changed altitude ranging from 100 m to 7,000 m above msl (Final report, SBSAP 2002). Therefore, fishery activities in Arunachal Pradesh are grouped accordingly in three distinct ecological zones based on land physiography and climate. These are
Lower altitude or tropical zone (covering 10% of the state’s total area)
extends up to 300 m from the mean sea level (msl) covering the foot hills and plains with warm water aqua resources bordering Assam and Nagaland i.e. lower belt fishery.
The middle altitude or subtropical zone (covering 70% of the state’s total area)
Includes area within 300-1200 m ofmsl having maximum fish diversity with both cold and warm water aqua resources of varying production level i.e. mid-altitude fishery.
The high altitude or alpine zone (covering 20% of state’s total area)
Including the areas above 1200 m of msl i.e. suited ideally for coldwater fishery.
Numbers of tributaries of five major rivers along with network of hill streams forms the drainage system of the state. The fisheries resources of Arunachal Pradesh consist of
- rivers (2000 km);
- reservoirs (160 ha);
- beels, lakes & swamps (2500 ha);
- ponds/mini barrages (250 ha) and
- low-lying areas (575 ha) (Sugunan, 2007).
48% fish production of the state is contributed by ponds & tanks followed by paddy fields (41%), beels and lakes (6%) and rivers & streams (5%).
On the other hand, fish production potential of different fisheries resources of Arunachal Pradesh are rivers (400t);
- reservoirs 6 (16t);
- beels, lakes & swamps (Capture- 1350t, Culture-2500t);
- ponds/mini barrages (3750t) and low lying paddy fields (1400t) (Sugunan, 2007).
Thus, the state has a fish production potential of 9416t. According to the year 2009 fish production records, the state has produced 2772.70 tonnes of fishes. Thus there is huge gap of 6644t between the present level fish production and the fish production potential of the state.
Development Schemes
1.Rural Aquaculture: For development excavation of new ponds through peoples participation with necessary Govt. subsidy assisted. The estimated production under this scheme varies between Rs. 7,500/- per ha. The response of the farmer is very encouraging under this programme and there is a great pressure for more assistance.
| Paddy-cum-fish culture : | ||
| This also a subsidy scheme against which technical guidance towards development of Paddy plots and subsidy against inputs i.e. fish seed and TPT etc. are provided. Through this programme, Common Carp variety of fish is raised alongwith the Paddy. The programme is very popular in Apatani Plateau, Ziro in Lower SubansiriDistrict . 3.Reclamation of Beels/Lakes : This is a programme for both in the Private and Govt. sector for Capture and Culture fisheries for production of Table fish. Under Private sector scheme fish seeds are provided. 4. Cold Water Fishery : This is a programme for introduction of exotic/endomic trout s in snow-fed streams and other areas including establishment of trout farm/hatchery in Govt. sector. Mahaseer – The Premier Sport Fish abound in the State. This potential resource led to the holding of an International Angling Festival” consecutive for two years and the prospects for Tourism needs no further elaboration. Cold Water fishery – TROUT FISHERY both Brown and Rainbow Trout variety being cultured for stocking the cold water resources has gained popularity for providing recreation to the Defence personal posted in the forward areas of West Kameng&Tawang district and the State is therefore regarded as the Pioneering State in the field in Fish Breeding – through Echo-hatcheries for the Indian major Carps(Rohu,Mrigal,Catla,Gonius) & Exotic Carps (Silver Carp & Grass Carp) at EmchiPapumare District and Lathao in Lohit District and Trout Breeding(Brown & Rainbow) in West Kameng&Tawang District are yet another milestone of achievement in the field of Fisheries |
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